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The Order of Languages of Dictionaries to Show?
+ - {{ "zh_TW" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Dīghanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dīghanikāya") }}
+ - Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi") }}
2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Mahāvaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mahāvaggapāḷi") }}
3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ") }}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Pāthikavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Pāthikavaggapāḷi") }}
8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Majjhimanikāya") }}
+ - Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi") }}
1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Sīhanādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sīhanādavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Opammavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Opammavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Mahāyamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Mahāyamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Cūḷayamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Cūḷayamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi") }}
1. Gahapativaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Gahapativaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Tikanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tikanipātapāḷi") }}
(7) 2. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(7) 2. Mahāvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Dvattiṃsākāro
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悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Kumārapañhā
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Kumārapañhā") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Ratanasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Ratanasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ") }}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Translation")}}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
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1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Paṇḍitavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Sahassavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Pāpavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("10. Daṇḍavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("11. Jarāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("12. Attavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("14. Buddhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("15. Sukhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("16. Piyavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("17. Kodhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("18. Malavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
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了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("20. Maggavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("22. Nirayavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("23. Nāgavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("24. Taṇhāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("25. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Cūḷavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāvaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Aṭṭhakavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - {{ "en_US" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Ekakanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Ekakanipātapāḷi") }}
3. Akammaniyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Akammaniyavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Adantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Adantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dukanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dukanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Kammakaraṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Kammakaraṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Samacittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Samacittavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Parisavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Parisavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(10) 5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(10) 5. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dhammapadapāḷi") }}
1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
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1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
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[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
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[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}

12. Sabbanāmataṃsadisanāmanāmikapadamālā

Ito paraṃ pavakkhāmi, sabbanāmañca tassamaṃ;

Nāmañca yojitaṃ nānā-nāmeheva visesato.

Yāni honti tiliṅgāni, anukūlāni yāni ca;

Tiliṅgānaṃ visesena, padānetāni nāmato.

‘‘Sabbasādhāraṇakāni, nāmāni’’cceva atthato;

Sabbanāmāni vuccanti, sattavīsati saṅkhato.

Tesu kānici rūpehi, sesāññehi ca yujjare;

Kānici pana saheva, etesaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ idaṃ.

Etasmā lakkhaṇā muttaṃ, na padaṃ sabbanāmikaṃ;

Tasmātītādayo saddā, guṇanāmāni vuccare.

Sabbanāmāni nāma – sabba katara katama ubhaya itaraañña aññatara aññatama pubba para apara dakkhiṇa uttara adharayata eta ima amukiṃ eka ubha dviti catu tumha amha iccetāni sattavīsa.

Etesu sabbasaddo sakalattho, so ca sabbasabbādivasena ñeyyo. Katara katamasaddā pucchanatthā. Ubhayasaddo dviavayavasamudāyavacano. Itarasaddo vuttapaṭiyogīvacano. Aññasaddo adhigatāparavacano. Aññatara aññatamasaddā aniyamatthā. Pubbādayo uttarapariyantā disākālādivavatthāvacanā. Tathā hi pubbaparā para dakkhiṇuttarasaddā pulliṅgatte yathārahaṃ kāladesādivacanā, itthiliṅgatte disādivacanā, napuṃsakaliṅgatte ṭhānādivacanā. Adharasaddopi heṭṭhimatthavācako vavatthāvacanoyeva, so ca tiliṅgo ‘‘adharo patto. Adharā araṇī, adharaṃ bhājana’’miti, yaṃsaddo aniyamattho. Taṃsaddo parammukhāvacano. Etasaddo samīpavacano. Imasaddo accantasamīpavacano. Amusaddo dūravacano. Kiṃsaddo pucchanattho. Ekasaddo saṅkhādivacano. Vuttañhi –

Ekasaddo aññatthaseṭṭhaasahāyasaṅkhādīsu dissati. Tathā hesa ‘‘sassato attā ca loko ca, idameva saccaṃ moghamaññanti, ittheke abhivadantī’’tiādīsu aññatthe dissati. ‘‘Cetaso ekodibhāva’’ntiādīsu seṭṭhe. ‘‘Eko vūpakaṭṭho’’tiādīsu asahāye. ‘‘Ekova kho bhikkhave khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’tiādīsu saṅkhāyanti.

Yatthesa saṅkhāvacano, tatthekavacanantova. Ubhasaddo dvisaddapariyāyo. Dviticatusaddā saṅkhāvacanā, sabbakālaṃ bahuvacanantāva. Tumhasaddo yena katheti, tasmiṃ vattabbavacanaṃ. Amhasaddo attani vattabbavacanaṃ.

Idāni tesaṃ nāmikapadamālaṃ kathayāma –

Sabbo, sabbe. Sabbaṃ, sabbe. Sabbena, sabbehi, sabbebhi. Sabbassa, sabbesaṃ, sabbesānaṃ. Sabbasmā, sabbamhā, sabbehi, sabbebhi. Sabbassa, sabbesaṃ, sabbesānaṃ. Sabbasmiṃ, sabbamhi, sabbesu. Bho sabba, bhavanto sabbe.

Tatra ‘‘sabbo bhūto, sabbe bhūtā’’tiādinā, ‘‘sabbo puriso, sabbe purisā’’tiādinā ca nayena sabbāni pulliṅganāmehi saddhiṃ yojetabbāni. Yāni pana yamakamahātherena punnapuṃsakavisaye sabba katara katamādīnaṃ aññānipi rūpāni vuttāni. Taṃ yathā?

‘‘Sabbā’’ iccādikaṃ rūpaṃ, nissakke bhummake pana;

‘‘Sabbe’’ iccādikaṃ rūpaṃ, yamakena pakāsitaṃ.

Tañce upaparikkhitvā, yuttaṃ gaṇhantu yogino;

Sabbanāmikarūpañhi, vividhaṃ dubbudhaṃ yato.

Sabbā, sabbā, sabbāyo. Sabbaṃ, sabbā, sabbāyo. Sabbāya, sabbassā, sabbāhi, sabbābhi. Sabbāya, sabbassā, sabbāsaṃ. Sabbāya, sabbassā, sabbāhi, sabbābhi. Sabbāya, sabbassā, sabbāsaṃ. Sabbāyaṃ, sabbassā, sabbassaṃ, sabbāsu. Bhoti sabbe, bhotiyo sabbā, sabbāyo. Itthiliṅgatte nāmikapadamālā.

Ettha ‘‘sabbā bhāvikā, sabbā bhāvikāyo’’ti, ‘‘sabbā kaññā, sabbā kaññāyo’’ti ca ādinā itthiliṅgasabbanāmāni sabbehi itthiliṅgehi saddhiṃ yojetabbāni. Ettha ca ‘‘sabbassā’’ti padaṃ tatiyācatutthīpañcamīchaṭṭhīsattamīvasena pañcadhā vibhattaṃ ‘‘tassā kumārikāya saddhi’’nti karaṇappayogādidassanato. Sabbassā kaññāya kataṃ. Sabbassā kaññāya deti. Ayaṃ kaññā sabbassā kaññāya hīnā virūpā. Ayaṃ kaññā sabbassā kaññāya uttamā abhirūpā. Sabbassā kaññāya apeti, sabbassā kaññāya dhanaṃ. Sabbassā kaññāya patiṭṭhitaṃ.

Sabbaṃ, sabbāni. Sabbaṃ, sabbāni. Sabbena, sabbehi, sabbebhi. Sabbassa, sabbesaṃ, sabbesānaṃ. Sabbasmā, sabbamhā, sabbehi, sabbebhi . Sabbassa, sabbesaṃ, sabbesānaṃ. Sabbasmiṃ, sabbamhi, sabbesu. Bho sabba, bhavanto sabbāni. Napuṃsakaliṅgatte nāmikapadamālā.

Ettha ‘‘sabbaṃ bhūtaṃ, sabbāni bhūtāni. Sabbaṃ cittaṃ, sabbāni cittānī’’ti ca ādinā napuṃsakaliṅgasabbanāmāni sabbehi napuṃsakaliṅgehi saddhiṃ yojetabbāni. Evaṃ sabbasaddassa liṅgattayavasena padamālā bhavati.

Idānissa parapadena saddhiṃ samāso veditabbo ‘‘sabbasādhāraṇo sabbaverī’’iti. Tattha sabbesaṃ sādhāraṇo sabbasādhāraṇo. Sabbesaṃ verī, sabbe vā verino yassa soyaṃ sabbaverīti samāsaviggaho. Yathā pana sabbasaddassa padamālā liṅgattayavasena yojitā, evaṃ katarasaddādīnampi adharasaddapariyantānaṃ yojetabbā.

Tatrāyaṃ ubhayasaddavajjito pulliṅgapeyyālo –

Kataro, katare. Kataraṃ…pe… bho katara, bhavanto katare. Katamo, katame. Itaro, itare. Añño, aññe. Aññataro, aññatare. Aññatamo, aññatame. Pubbo, pubbe. Paro, pare. Aparo, apare. Dakkhiṇo, dakkhiṇe. Uttaro, uttare. Adharo, adhare…pe… bho adhara, bhavanto adhareti.

Ayaṃ pana ubhayasaddasahito napuṃsakaliṅgapeyyālo –

Kataraṃ, katarāni. Kataraṃ…pe… bho katara, bhavanto katarāni. Katamaṃ. Ubhayaṃ. Itaraṃ. Aññaṃ. Aññataraṃ. Aññatamaṃ. Pubbaṃ. Paraṃ. Aparaṃ. Dakkhiṇaṃ. Uttaraṃ. Adharaṃ, adharāni. Adharaṃ…pe… bho adhara, bhavanto adharānīti.

Idāni punnapuṃsakaliṅgānaṃ parasaddādīnaṃ rūpantaraniddeso vuccati. Kaccāyanasmiñhi ‘‘purisā’’ti viya ‘‘parā’’ti paṭhamābahuvacanaṃ dissati. Evarūpo nayo aparasabbakatarādīsu aññatamapariyosānesu navasu appasiddho, labbhamāno pubbadakkhiṇuttarādharesu catūsu labbheyya. Tathā ‘‘purise’’ti viya pāḷiādīsu ‘‘pubbe’’ti saccasaṅkhepe ‘‘itare’’ti, kaccāyane ca ‘‘pare’’ti sattamīekavacanaṃ dissati. Evarūpo nayo sabba aññasaddesu appasiddho, labbhamāno katarakatamādīsu sesesu adharapariyosānesu dvādasasu labbheyya. Tathā ‘‘purisā’’ti viya sabbā katarā iccādi pañcamīekavacananayo pāḷiādīsu appasiddho. Evaṃ santepi ayaṃ nayo punappunaṃ upaparikkhitvā yutto ce, gahetabbo.

Ayaṃ pana ubhayasaddasahito itthiliṅgapeyyālo –

Katarā, katarā, katarāyo. Kataraṃ…pe… bhoti katare, bhotiyo katarā, katarāyo. Katamā. Ubhayā. Itarā. Aññatarā. Aññatamā. Pubbā. Parā. Aparā. Dakkhiṇā. Uttarā. Adharā, adharā, adharāyo. Adharaṃ…pe… bhoti adhare, bhotiyo adharā, adharāyoti.

Yasmā panetesu itara añña aññatara aññatamānaṃ pāḷiyādīsu ‘‘itarissā’’tiādidassanato koci bhedo vattabbo , tasmā catutthīchaṭṭhīnaṃ ekavacanaṭṭhāne ‘‘itarissā, itarāya, aññissā, aññāya. Aññatarissā, aññatarāya, aññatamissā, aññatamāyā’’ti yojetabbaṃ. Tathā tatiyāpañcamīnamekavacanaṭṭhāne ‘‘tassā kumārikāya saddhiṃ. Kassāhaṃ kena hāyāmī’’ti karaṇanissakkappayogadassanato sattamiyā panekavacanaṭṭhāne ‘‘itarissā, itarissaṃ, itarāya, itarāyaṃ, aññissā, aññissaṃ, aññāya, aññāyaṃ, aññatarissā, aññatarissaṃ, aññatarāya, aññatarāyaṃ, aññatamissā, aññatamissaṃ, aññatamāya, aññatamāya’’nti yojetabbaṃ ‘‘aññataro bhikkhu aññatarissā itthiyā paṭibaddhacitto hotī’’ti pāḷidassanato.

Tatra sabbasaddo sabbasabbaṃ, padesasabbaṃ, āyatanasabbaṃ, sakkāyasabbanti catūsu visayesu diṭṭhappayogo. Tathā hesa ‘‘sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthamāgacchantī’’tiādīsu sabbasabbasmiṃ āgato. ‘‘Sabbesaṃ vo sāriputtā subhāsitaṃ pariyāyenā’’tiādīsu padesasabbasmiṃ. ‘‘Sabbaṃ vo bhikkhave desessāmi, taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmi…pe… katamañca bhikkhave sabbaṃ cakkhuñceva rūpā ca…pe… mano ceva dhammā cā’’ti ettha āyatanasabbasmiṃ. ‘‘Sabbaṃ sabbato sañjānātī’’tiādīsu sakkāyasabbasmiṃ. Tattha sabbasabbasmiṃ āgato nippadeso, itaresu tīsu sappadesoti veditabbo. Iccevaṃ –

Sabbasabbapadesesu , atho āyatanepi ca;

Sakkāye cāti catūsu, sabbasaddo pavattati.

Katara katamasaddesu katarasaddo appesu ekaṃ vā dve vā tīṇi vā bhiyyo vā appamupādāya vattati. Katamasaddo bahūsu ekaṃ vā dve vā tīṇi vā bahuṃ vā upādāya vattati. Katarasaddo hi appavisayo, katamasaddo bahuvisayo. Tatrime payogā ‘‘katarena maggena gantabbaṃ. Samuddo kataro ayaṃ. Katamo tasmiṃ samaye phasso hoti. Katame dhammā kusalā. Disā catasso vidisā catasso, uddhaṃ adho dasa disatā, imāyo, katamaṃ disaṃ tiṭṭhati nāgarājā’’. Iccevamādayo bhavanti. Ubhayo. Ubhayaṃ. Ubhayo. Ubhayena. Sesaṃ pulliṅge sabbasaddasamaṃ. Ubhayo janā tiṭṭhanti. Ubhayo jane passati. Yathā ubho puttā. Ubho putteti. ‘‘Ubhayo’’ti hi padaṃ ‘‘ubho’’ti padamiva bahuvacanantabhāvena pasiddhaṃ, na tvekavacanantabhāvena. Ettha hi –

‘‘Ekarattena ubhayo, tuvañca dhanusekha ca;

Annamevābhinandanti, ubhayo devamānusā’’

‘‘Ubhayo te pitābhātaro’’ti tadatthasādhakāni nidassanapadāni veditabbāni. Yadā panāyasmanto ‘‘ubhayo’’ti ekavacanantaṃ passeyyātha, tadā sādhukaṃ manasi karotha. Ko hi samattho anantanayapaṭimaṇḍite sāṭṭhakathe tepiṭake jinasāsane niravasesato nayaṃ daṭṭhuṃ dassetuñca aññatra āgamādhigamasampannena pabhinnapaṭisambhidena. Idañcetthupalakkhitabbaṃ –

Aññasaddo pubbasaddo, dakkhiṇo cuttaro paro;

Sabbanāmesu gayhanti, asabbanāmikesupi.

Etesañhi sabbanāmesu saṅgaho vibhāvitova.

Idāni asabbanāmesu saṅgaho vuccate – tattha aññasaddo tāva yadā bālavācako, tadā sabbanāmaṃ nāma na hoti. Asabbanāmattā ca sabbathāpi purisa kaññā cittanayeneva yojetabbo. Tathā hi na jānātīti añño, bālo puriso. Na jānātīti aññā, bālā itthī. Na jānātīti aññaṃ, bālaṃ kulanti vacanattho. Evaṃ viditvā pulliṅgaṭṭhāne ‘‘añño, aññā. Aññaṃ, aññe’’tiādinā purisanayeneva nāmikapadamālā yojetabbā. Itthiliṅgaṭṭhāne ‘‘aññā, aññā, aññāyo’’tiādinā kaññānayeneva, napuṃsakaliṅgaṭṭhāne ‘‘aññaṃ, aññānī’’tiādinā cittanayeneva yojetabbā.

Imasmiñhi atthavisese bālajane vattukāmena ‘‘aññā janā’’ti avatvā ‘‘aññe janā’’ti vutte tassa taṃ vacanaṃ adhippetatthaṃ na sādheti aññathā atthassa gahetabbattā. Tathā ‘‘aññānaṃ janāna’’nti avatvā ‘‘aññesaṃ janānaṃ, aññesānaṃ janāna’’nti vā vutte tassa taṃ vacanaṃ adhippetatthaṃ na sādheti. Tathā ‘‘aññānaṃ itthīna’’nti avatvā ‘‘aññāsaṃ itthīna’’nti vuttepi, ‘‘aññānaṃ kulāna’’nti avatvā ‘‘aññesaṃ kulānaṃ, aññesānaṃ kulāna’’nti vā vuttepi. Sabbanāmikavasena pana adhigatāparavacanicchāyaṃ ‘‘aññe janā’’tiādinā vattabbaṃ, na ‘‘aññā janā’’tiādinā. Tathā hi ‘‘aññā janā’’tiādinā vuttavacanaṃ adhippetatthaṃ na sādheti aññathā atthassa gahetabbattā. Iti yattha ‘‘aññā janā’’tiādivacanaṃ upapajjati, ‘‘aññe janā’’tiādivacanaṃ nupapajjati, yattha pana ‘‘aññe janā’’tiādivacanaṃ upapajjati, ‘‘aññā janā’’tiādivacanaṃ nupapajjati. Yā etasmiṃ atthavisese sallakkhaṇā paññā, ayaṃ nītiyā maggo yuttāyuttivicāraṇe hetuttā, lokasmiñhi yuttāyuttivicāraṇā nītīti vuttā. Sā ca vinā paññāya na sijjhati. Evaṃ aññasaddo asabbanāmikopi bhavati.

Pubba dakkhiṇuttara parasaddesu pubbasaddo yattha padhānavācako, yattha ca ‘‘semhaṃ pubbo’’tiādīsu lohitakopajavācako, tattha asabbanāmiko. Paṭhamatthe tiliṅgo, dutiyatthe ekaliṅgo. Uttamatthavācako pana uttarasaddo ca parasaddo ca asabbanāmiko tiliṅgoyeva. Tathā ‘‘dakkhiṇassā vahantima’’nti ettha viya susikkhitatthacaturatthavācako dakkhiṇasaddo. ‘‘Petānaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ dajjā’’tiādīsu pana deyyadhammavācako dakkhiṇāsaddo niyogā itthiliṅgo asabbanāmikoyeva. Evaṃ añña pubba dakkhiṇuttara parasaddā asabbanāmikāpi santīti tesaṃ sabbanāmesupi asabbanāmesupi saṅgaho veditabbo.

Idāni katarasaddādīnaṃ parapadena saddhiṃ samāso nīyate ‘‘kataragāmavāsī katamagāmavāsī. Ubhayagāmavāsino, itaragāmavāsī aññataragāmavāsī, pubbadisā, parajano, dakkhiṇadisā, uttaradisā, adharapatto’’ti. Tatra ‘‘kataro gāmo kataragāmo, katamo gāmo katamagāmo, ubhayo gāmā ubhayagāmā’’tiādinā yathārahaṃ samāsaviggaho, katarasaddassa pana katamasaddena saddhiṃ samāsaṃ icchanti dvidhā ca rūpāni garū ‘‘kataro ca katamo ca katarakatame katarakatamā vā’’ti . Tasmā sabbanāmikanayena suddhanāmikesu purisanayena ca katara katamasaddassa nāmikapadamālā yojetabbā, tenassa sampadānasāmivacanaṭṭhānesu ‘‘katarakatamesaṃ, katarakatamesānaṃ, katarakatamāna’’nti tīṇi rūpāni siyuṃ ‘‘katarā ca katamā ca katarakatamā’’ti evaṃ itthiliṅgavasena katasamāse pana sabbanāmikanayena, suddhanāmikesu kaññānayena ca yojetabbā. ‘‘Katarañca katamañca katarakatamānī’’ti evaṃ napuṃsakaliṅgavasena katasamāse sabbanāmikanayena, suddhanāmikesu cittanayena ca yojetabbā.

Ayaṃ panettha visesopi veditabbo – pubbāparādisaddā dvandasamāsādividhiṃ patvā sehi rūpehi rūpavanto na honti, taṃ yathā? Pubbāparā, adharuttarā, māsapubbā purisā, diṭṭhapubbā purisā, tathāgataṃ diṭṭhapubbā sāvakā, idaṃ pulliṅgatte paṭhamābahuvacanarūpaṃ. Etthekāro ādesabhūto na dissati. Pubbāparānaṃ adharuttarānaṃ, māsapubbānaṃ purisānaṃ, idaṃ pulliṅgatte catutthīchaṭṭhīnaṃ bahuvacanarūpaṃ. Ettha saṃ sānamiccete ādesabhūtā na dissanti. Tathāgataṃ diṭṭhapubbānaṃ sāvakānaṃ, tathāgataṃ diṭṭhapubbānaṃ sāvikānaṃ, kulānaṃ vā, idaṃ tiliṅgatte catutthīchaṭṭhīnaṃ bahuvacanarūpaṃ. Etthāpi saṃ sānamiccete ādesabhūtā na dissanti. Māsapubbāyaṃ māsapubbāya, piyapubbāyaṃ piyapubbāya, idamitthiliṅgatte sattamīcatutthīchaṭṭhīnaṃ ekavacanarūpaṃ. Etthādesabhūtā saṃ sā na dissanti. Māsapubbānaṃ itthīnaṃ, piyapubbānaṃ itthīnaṃ, idamitthiliṅgatte catutthīchaṭṭhībahuvacanarūpaṃ. Ettha panādesabhūto samicceso na dissati. Aññānipi yathāsambhavaṃ yojetabbāni, pubbāparādīnaṃ samāsaviggahaṃ samāsaparicchede pakāsessāma.

Idāni yaṃsaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

Yo, ye. Yaṃ, ye. Yena, yehi, yebhi. Yassa, yesaṃ, yesānaṃ. Yasmā, yamhā, yehi, yebhi. Yassa, yesaṃ, yesānaṃ. Yasmiṃ, yamhi, yesu. Idaṃ pulliṅgaṃ. Yaṃ, yāni. Yaṃ, yāni. Yena. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Atha vā yaṃ, yāni, yā. Yaṃ, yāni, ye. Yena. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Katthaci hi nikāralopo bhavati. Atha vā pana nikārassa ārekārādesāpi gāthāvisaye.

‘‘Yā pubbe bodhisattānaṃ, pallaṅkavaramābhuje;

Nimittāni padissanti, tāni ajja padissare’’ti ca,

‘‘Kiṃ māṇavassa ratanāni atthi, ye taṃ jinanto hare akkhadhutto’’ti ca idamettha pāḷinidassanaṃ. Idaṃ napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ.

Yā, yā, yāyo. Yaṃ, yā, yāyo. Yāya, yāhi, yābhi. Yāya, yassā, yāsaṃ. Yāya, yāhi, yābhi. Yāya, yassā, yāsaṃ. Yassaṃ, yāyaṃ, yāsu. Itthiliṅgaṃ. Evaṃ yaṃsaddassa liṅgattayavasena padamālā bhavati. Etthālapanapadāni na labbhanti. Tathā taṃsaddādīnaṃ padamālādīsupi.

Ettha pana yanti saddassa atthuddhāro vuccate – yanti saddo ‘‘yaṃ me bhante devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ, ārocemi taṃ bhante bhagavato’’tiādīsu paccattavacane dissati. ‘‘Yantaṃ apucchimha akittayī no, aññaṃ taṃ pucchāma tadiṅgha brūhī’’tiādīsu upayogavacane. ‘‘Aṭṭhā nametaṃ bhikkhave anavakāso, yaṃ ekissā lokadhātuyā’’tiādīsu karaṇavacane. ‘‘Yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādī’’tiādīsu bhummavacane dissati. Etthedaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Paccatte upayoge ca, bhumme ca karaṇepi ca;

Catūsvetesu ṭhānesu, yanti saddo pavattatī’’ti.

Parapadena saddhiṃ yaṃsaddassa samāsopi veditabbo ‘‘yaṃkhandhādi, yaṃguṇā, yagguṇā’’ti. Tattha yo khandhādi yaṃkhandhādi, ye guṇā yaṃguṇāti samāsaviggaho. Tathā hi visuddhimagge ‘‘yaṃguṇanemittikañcetaṃ nāmaṃ, tesaṃ guṇānaṃ pakāsanatthaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ vadantī’’ti etasmiṃ pade ‘‘ye guṇā yaṃguṇā, yaṃguṇā eva nimittaṃ yaṃguṇanimittaṃ, tato jātaṃ ‘bhagavā’ti idaṃ nāmanti yaṃguṇanemittika’’nti nibbacanamicchitabbaṃ. Yagguṇāti ettha pana ‘‘yassa guṇā yagguṇā’’ti nibbacanaṃ. Tathā hi –

‘‘Api sabbaññutā paññā, yagguṇantaṃ na jāniyā;

Atha kā tassa vijaññā, taṃ buddhaṃ bhūguṇaṃ name’’ti

Porāṇakaviracanāyaṃ ‘‘yassa guṇā yagguṇā’’ti nibbacanamicchitabbaṃ.

Yasaddassa samāsamhi, saddhiṃ parapadehi ve;

Niggahītāgamo vātha, dvibhāvo vā siyā dvidhā.

Evaṃ yasaddassa samāso sallakkhitabbo.

Idāni tasaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

So, te. Naṃ, taṃ, ne, te. Nena, tena, nehi, tehi, nebhi, tebhi. Assa, nassa, tassa, ‘nesaṃ, tesaṃ (āsaṃ). Asmā, nasmā, tasmā, namhā, tamhā, nehi, tehi, nebhi, tebhi. Assa, nassa, tassa, nesaṃ, tesaṃ (āsaṃ). Asmiṃ, nasmiṃ, tasmiṃ, amhi, namhi, tamhi, tyamhi, nesu, tesu. Idaṃ pulliṅgaṃ. Ettha ca āsaṃsaddassa atthibhāve ‘‘nevāsaṃ kesā dissanti, hatthapādā ca jālino’’ti gāthā nidassanaṃ, so ca tiliṅgo daṭṭhabbo. Tyamhīti padassa atthibhāve –

‘‘Yadāssa sīlaṃ paññañca, soceyyañcādhigacchati;

Atha vissāsate tyamhi, guyhañcassa na rakkhatī’’ti

Ayaṃ gāthā nidassanaṃ. Ayamettha rūpaviseso sallakkhitabbo – ariyavinayeti vā sappurisavinayeti vā. Ese se eke ekaṭṭheti pāḷippadese paccattekavacanakānameta tasaddānaṃ ekārantaniddesopi dissatīti.

Ettha pana tesaddassa atthuddhāro vuccate – tesaddo ‘‘na te sukhaṃ pajānanti, ye na passanti nandana’’ntiādīsu taṃsaddassa vasena paccattabahuvacane āgato, ‘‘te na passāmi dārake’’tiādīsu upayogabahuvacane. ‘‘Namo te purisājañña, namo te purisuttama. Namo te buddha vīratthū’’ti ca ādīsu tumhasaddassa vasena sampadāne, tuyhanti atthoti vadanti. ‘‘Kinte diṭṭhaṃ kinti te diṭṭhaṃ, upadhī te samatikkantā, āsavā te padālitā’’ti ca ādīsu karaṇe. ‘‘Kinte vataṃ kiṃ pana brahmacariya’’ntiādīsu sāmiatthe, tavāti atthoti vadanti. Etthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Paccatte upayoge ca, karaṇe sampadāniye;

Sāmimhi cāti tesaddo, pañcasvatthesu dissatī’’ti.

Taṃ, tāni. Taṃ, tāni. Nena, tena iccādi. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Idaṃ napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ.

, tā, tāyo. Naṃ, taṃ, nā, tā, nāyo, tāyo. Nāya, tāya, nāhi, tāhi, nābhi, tābhi. Assā, nassā, (tissā,) tassā, nāya, tāya, nāsaṃ, tāsaṃ, sānaṃ, āsaṃ. Assā, nassā, tassā, nāya, tāya, nāhi, tāhi, nābhi, tābhi. Assā, nassā, (tissā,) tassā, nāya, tāya, nāsaṃ, tāsaṃ, sānaṃ, āsaṃ. Nāya, tāya, assaṃ, nassaṃ, tissaṃ, tassaṃ, nāyaṃ, tāyaṃ, nāsu, tāsu, tyāsu. Idaṃ itthiliṅgaṃ.

Ettha pana ‘‘abhikkamo sānaṃ paññāyati, nāsaṃ kujjhanti paṇḍitā. Khiḍḍā paṇihitā tyāsu, rati tyāsu patiṭṭhitā. Bījāni tyāsu ruhantī’’ti payogadassanato ‘‘sānaṃ āsaṃ tyāsū’’ti imāni vuttāni akkharacintakānaṃ ñāṇacakkhusammuyhanaṭṭhānabhūtāni. Evaṃ parammukhavacanassa taṃsaddassa nāmikapadamālā bhavati.

Ettha ca idaṃ vattabbaṃ –

‘‘Taṃ tvaṃ gantvāna yācassu’’, iccādīsu padissare;

Ādo taṃ tetiādīni, nantiādīni no tathā.

Naṃ ne nenātiādīni, vo noiccādayo viya;

Padato parabhāvamhi, diṭṭhāni jinasāsane.

‘‘Atha naṃ atha ne āha, na ca naṃ paṭinandati’’;

Iccādīni payogāni, dassetabbāni viññunā.

Ko cettha vadeyya –

‘‘Yathā nadī ca pantho ca, pānāgāraṃ sabhā papā;

Evaṃ lokitthiyo nāma, nāsaṃ kujjhanti paṇḍitā’’ti

Ettha

Padato aparattepi, nāsaṃsaddassa dassanā;

Ādopi icchitabbāva, naṃ neiccādayo iti.

So panevantu vattabbo, ‘‘tava vāde na labbhati;

Nāsaṃsaddo nasaddo ca, āsaṃsaddo ca labbhare.

Tasmā ‘āsaṃ na kujjhanti, itthīnaṃ paṇḍitā’iti;

Atthova bhavate evaṃ, suṭṭhu dhārehi paṇḍitā’’ti.

Atha vā yasmā niruttipiṭake ‘‘naṃ purisaṃ passati, ne purise passatī’’tiādinā padato aparattepi ‘‘naṃ, ne’’ iccādīni padāni vuttāni, tasmā tenāpi nayena padato aparānipi tāni kadāci siyuṃ. Mayaṃ pana pāḷinayānusārena tesaṃ pavattiṃ vadāma, idaṃ ṭhānaṃ suṭṭhu vicāretabbaṃ.

Ettha pana tasaddassa parapadehi saddhiṃ samāsopi veditabbo ‘‘taṃputto, taṃsadiso, tanninno, tappoṇo, tappabbhāro, tabbhūto, tagguṇo, tassadiso’’ti.

Tasaddassa samāsamhi, saddhiṃ parapadehi ve;

Niggahītāgamo pubba-pade dvittantu pacchime.

Evaṃ tasaddassa samāso sallakkhitabbo.

Idāni etasaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

Eso, ete. Etaṃ, ete. Etena, etehi, etebhi. Etassa, etesaṃ, etesānaṃ. Etasmā, etamhā, etehi, etebhi. Etassa, etesaṃ, etesānaṃ. Etasmiṃ, etamhi, etesu. Idaṃ pulliṅgaṃ.

Etaṃ, etāni. Etaṃ, etāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ, idaṃ napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ.

Esā , etā, etāyo. Etaṃ, etā, etāyo. Etāya, etāhi, etābhi. Etāya, etissā, etissāya, etāsaṃ. Etāya, etāhi, etābhi. Etāya, etissā, etissāya, etāsaṃ. Etāya, etissaṃ, etāsu. Idaṃ itthiliṅgaṃ. Evaṃ etasaddassa nāmikapadamālā bhavati.

Parapadenettha saddhiṃ samāsopissa veditabbo ‘‘etadatthāya lokasmiṃ, nidhi nāma nidhiyyati. Etapparamāyeva devatā sannipatitā ahesu’’ntiādīsu.

Samāse etasaddassa, saddhiṃ parapadehi ve;

Niggahītāgamo pubba-pade hoti na hoti ca.

Idāni idaṃsaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

Ayaṃ, ime. Imaṃ, ime. Anena, iminā, ehi, ebhi, imehi, imebhi. Assa, imassa, esaṃ, esānaṃ, imesaṃ, imesānaṃ. Asmā, imasmā, imamhā, ehi, ebhi, imehi, imebhi. Assa, imassa, esaṃ, esānaṃ, imesaṃ, imesānaṃ. Asmiṃ, imasmiṃ, amhi, imamhi, esu, imesu. Idaṃ pulliṅgaṃ.

Idaṃ, imāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Idaṃ napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ.

Ayaṃ, imā, imāyo. Imaṃ, imā, imāyo. Imāya, imāhi, imābhi. Assā, assāya, imissā, imissāya, imāya, imāsaṃ. Assā, imissā, imāya, imāhi, imābhi. Assā, assāya, imissā, imissāya, imāya, imāsaṃ. Assaṃ, imissaṃ, imāya, imāyaṃ, imāsu. Idaṃ itthiliṅgaṃ. Evaṃ idaṃsaddassa nāmikapadamālā bhavati.

Kaccāyane tu ‘‘imassidamaṃsisu napuṃsake’’ti imasaddoyeva pakatibhāvena vutto, idha pana idaṃsaddoyeva ‘‘idappaccayatā’’ti ettha ‘‘ida’’nti pakatiyā dassanato. Tathā hi ‘‘imesaṃ paccayā idappaccayā, idappaccayā eva idappaccayatā, idappaccayānaṃ vā samūho idappaccayatā’’ti vuttaṃ. Ettha ca idappaccayā eva idappaccayatāti saddena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ na kiñci atthantaraṃ yathā devo eva devatāti. Idappaccayānaṃ samūho idappaccayatāti samūhatthaṃ saddamāha yathā janānaṃ samūho janatāti. Cūḷaniruttiyaṃ niruttipiṭake ca idaṃsaddoyeva pakatibhāvena vutto.

Samāse idaṃsaddassa, saddhiṃ parapadena ve;

Idappaccayatātveva, rūpaṃ dvittaṃ siyuttare.

Idāni amusaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

Asu, amu, amū. Amuṃ, amū. Amunā, amūhi, amūbhi. Amussa, dussa, amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ. Amusmā, amumhā, amūhi, amūbhi. Amussa, dussa, amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ. Amusmiṃ, amumhi, amūsu. Idaṃ pulliṅgaṃ.

Aduṃ, amūni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Idaṃ napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ.

Asu, amu, amū, amuyo. Amūṃ, amū, amuyo. Amuyā, amūhi, amūbhi. Amussā, amuyā, amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ. Amuyā, amūhi, amūbhi. Amussā, amuyā, amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ. Amuyā, amuyaṃ, amussaṃ, amūsu. Idaṃ itthiliṅgaṃ. Evaṃ amusaddassa nāmikapadamālā bhavati, samāso pana appasiddho.

Tatra ‘‘dussa me khettapālassa, rattibhattaṃ apābhata’’nti payogadassanato ‘‘dussā’’ti padamamhehi ṭhapitaṃ. Kakārāgamavasena aññānipi asabbanāmikarūpāni bhavanti. Tesaṃ vasena ayaṃ liṅgattayassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

‘‘Asuko, asukā. Asukaṃ, asuke’’tiādinā, ‘‘amuko, amukā. Amukaṃ, amuke’’tiādinā ca purisanayopi labbhati. ‘‘Asukā, asukāyo’’tiādinā, ‘‘amukā, amukāyo’’tiādinā ca kaññānayopi labbhati. ‘‘Asukaṃ, asukānī’’tiādinā, ‘‘amukaṃ, amukānī’’tiādinā ca cittanayopi labbhati. Imānettha padāni asabbanāmikānipi kakārāgamavasena nānattadassanatthaṃ vuttāni.

Idāni kiṃsaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

Ko, ke. Kaṃ, ke. Kena, kehi, kebhi. Kassa, kissa, kesaṃ. Kasmā, kamhā, kehi, kebhi. Kassa, kissa, kesaṃ. Kasmiṃ, kismiṃ, kamhi, kimhi, kesu. Idaṃ pulliṅgaṃ.

Rūpavisesopettha veditabbo ‘‘ke gandhabbe ca rakkhase nāge, ke kimpurise ca mānuse, ke paṇḍite sabbakāmadade, dīghaṃ rattaṃ bhattā me bhavissati, ke ca chave pāthikaputte, kā ca tathāgatānaṃ arahantānaṃ sammāsambuddhānaṃ āsādanā’’ti pāḷidassanato. Yasmā pana ke gandhabbe ca rakkhase nāge itiādīsu pāḷīsu ‘‘ke’’ti paccattavacanaṃ ekārantampi dissati, tasmā ‘‘ke’’ti rūpabhedo cettha ñeyyo. Tathā ‘‘kissassa ekadhammassa, vadhaṃ rocesi gotama. Kismiṃ me sivayo kuddhā. Kamhi kāle tayā vīra, patthitā bodhimuttamā’’tiādīni ca nidassanapadāni ñeyyāni. Apica –

‘‘Ko te balaṃ mahārāja’’, itiādīsu pāḷisu;

Kvasaddatthe vattatīti, ñeyyā ko iccayaṃ suti.

Petaṃ taṃ sāmamaddakkhiṃ, ko nu tvaṃ sāma jīvasi;

Iti pāṭhe kathaṃsaddā-bhidheyye vattatīti ca.

Etesu dvīsu atthesu, diṭṭho ko iccayaṃ ravo;

Nipātoti gahetabbo, sutisāmaññato ruto.

Napuṃsakaliṅge kaṃ, kāni. Kaṃ, kāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Atha vā ‘‘kiṃ cittaṃ. Kiṃ rūpaṃ. Kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ. Kiṃ icchasī’’tiādipayogadassanato pana ‘‘kiṃ, kāni. Kiṃ, kānī’’ti vatvā sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Ayaṃ nayo yuttataro, idaṃ napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ.

Kā, kā, kāyo. Kaṃ, kā, kāyo. Kāya, kāhi, kābhi. Kāya, kassā, kāsaṃ, kāsānaṃ. Kāya, kassā, kāhi, kābhi. Kāya, kassā, kāsaṃ kāsānaṃ. Kāya, kassā, kāyaṃ, kassaṃ, kāsu.

Ettha pana kāyoti padassa atthibhāve ‘‘kāyo amoghā gacchantī’’ti nidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Idaṃ itthiliṅgaṃ. Evaṃ kiṃsaddassa nāmikapadamālā bhavati. Etthetassa atthuddhāro vuccate – kiṃ saddo ‘‘kiṃ rājā yo lokaṃ na rakkhati. Kiṃ nu kho nāma tumhe maṃ vattabbaṃ maññathā’’tiādīsu garahane āgato. ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppanna’’ntiādīsu aniyame. ‘‘Kinte vakkali iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena, yo kho vakkali dhammaṃ passati, so maṃ passatī’’tiādīsu nippayojanatāyaṃ. ‘‘Kiṃ na kāhāmi te vaco’’tiādīsu sampaṭicchane. ‘‘Kiṃsūdha vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭha’’ntiādīsu pucchāyaṃ, pucchā ca nāma kāraṇapucchādivasena anekavidhā, ato kāraṇapucchādivasenapi kiṃsaddassa pavatti vitthārato ñeyyā. Tathā hi ayaṃ ‘‘kiṃ nu santaramānova, kāsuṃ khaṇasi sārathi. Kiṃ nu jātiṃ na rocesi. Kena tetādiso vaṇṇo’’tiādīsu kāraṇapucchāyaṃ vattati. ‘‘Kiṃ kāsuyā karissatī’’tiādīsu kiccapucchāyaṃ. ‘‘Kiṃ sīlaṃ. Ko samādhī’’tiādīsu sarūpapucchāyaṃ. ‘‘Kiṃ khādasi. Kiṃ pivasī’’tiādīsu vatthupucchāyaṃ. ‘‘Khādasi kiṃ pivasi ki’’ntiādīsu kriyāpucchāyaṃ vattati. Adiṭṭhajotanāpucchāti evamādikā pana pañcavidhā pucchā kiṃsaddassa atthuddhāre anāharitabbattā anāgatāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Etthetaṃ vuccati –

Garahāyaṃ aniyame, nippayojanatāya ca;

Sampaṭicchanapucchāsu, kiṃsaddo sampavattati.

Parapadena saddhiṃ samāsopissa veditabbo ‘‘kiṃsamudayo, kiṃvedano, kiṃsaññojano’’ti. Ettha ‘‘ko, ke. Kā, kā, kāyo. Kiṃ, kānī’’ti evaṃ liṅgattayavasena vibhattāni kiṃsaddamayāni padāni samāsapadatte puna kimiti pakatibhāveneva tiṭṭhanti. Nāmasaddena pana samāse tesaṃ dvidhā gati dissati ‘‘kinnāmo, konāmo’’ti. Sabbāni panetāni itthinapuṃsakaliṅgavasena bahuvacanavasena ca yojetabbāni.

Kiṃsaddassa samāsamhi, saddhiṃ nāmaravena ve;

‘‘Kinnāmo’’ iti ‘‘konāmo’’, iti cevaṃ gati dvidhā.

‘‘Konāmo te upajjhāyo’’, iccādettha nidassanaṃ;

Sahaññena samāsamhi, ‘‘kiṃ kiṃ’’icceva suyyate.

Tathā hi ‘‘kiṃcitto tvaṃ bhikkhu. Kiṃkārapaṭissāvinī’’tiādīsu kiṃsaddo sarūpamavijahanto tiṭṭhati. Tattha hi kiṃcittaṃ yassa so kiṃcitto. ‘‘Kiṃ karomi sāmī’’ti evaṃ kinti kāro karaṇaṃ saddanicchāraṇaṃ kiṃkāro, taṃ paṭissāvetīti kiṃkārapaṭissāvinītiādi nibbacanamicchitabbaṃ. ‘‘Kinnaro. Kiṃpakkamiva bhakkhita’’ntiādīsu pana nibbacanamappasiddhaṃ, kiṃsaddoyeva padāvayavabhāvena suto. Tathā hi so katthaci padāvayavabhāvena katthaci nu su nukho kāraṇādisaddehi sahacāribhāvena ca suyyati. Atrime payogā – esā te itthī kiṃ hoti. Ete manussā tumhākaṃ kiṃ honti. Kimpurisānuciṇṇo. Kiṃ nu bhītova tiṭṭhasi. Kiṃsuchetvā sukhaṃ seti. Kiṃ nukho kāraṇaṃ. Kiṃ kāraṇā amma tuvaṃ pamajjasi, kiñhi nāma cajantassa, vācāya adadamappakanti evamādayo. Atridaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Visuṃ padāvayavo vā, hutvā nvādīhi vā pana;

Yutto saddehi kiṃsaddo, diṭṭho sugatasāsane.

Pāḷinayānusārena, sesānaṃ sambhavopi ca;

Ñeyyo viññūhi saddhamma-nayaññūhi pabhedato’’ti.

Idāni sabbanāmikabhāve ṭhitehi ko kaṃsaddehi samānasutikānaṃ aññesaṃ ko kaṃsaddānaṃ nāmikapadamālāviseso vattabbo siyā, so heṭṭhā liṅgattayamissakaparicchede vutto. Asabbanāmikattā pana purisa cittanayeneva vibhatto. Tathā hi yadā kosaddo brahmavātakāyatthavācako, kaṃsaddo pana sirojalasukhatthavācako, tadā tāni padāni asabbanāmikāni, kasmā? Akiṃsaddamayattā sabbanāmikarūpasaṅkhātehi asādhāraṇarūpehi virahitattā pucchatthato atthantaravācakattā ca. Ettha pana samānasutivasena atthantaraviññāpanatthaṃ kosaddo kaṃsaddoti ca vuttaṃ, ekantato pana sabbanāmikatte kiṃsaddoyeva, suddhanāmatte kasaddoyevāti gahetabbaṃ. Iccevaṃ –

Kāye brahmani vāte ca, sīse jalasukhesu ca;

Kasaddo vattatī tīsu, pumā tīsu napuṃsako.

Evaṃ sabbanāmabhūtānaṃ kiṃkasaddānaṃ pavatti veditabbā.

Idha vuttappakārānaṃ, atthānaṃ dāni saṅgaho;

Paññāvepullakaraṇo, ekadesena vuccate.

Kiṃ kiṃpakkena sadisaṃ, kāyo kiṃpabhavo vada;

Kiṃpakkasadiso kāmo, kāyo taṇhādisambhavo.

Uṇhakāle ka’micchanti, ka’micchanti pipāsitā;

Paccāmittā ka’micchanti, ka’micchanti dukhaṭṭitā.

Kāyassa kassa ko āyo,

Ko nātho kassa bhūtale;

Kassa kaṃ jhānajaṃ sātaṃ,

Kassaṅgesu ca kaṃ paranti.

pana tā heṭṭhā amhehi liṅgattayavasena kiṃsaddassa sabbanāmikasaññitassa nāmikapadamālā vibhattā, etāsu pulliṅganapuṃsakaliṅgaṭṭhāne ‘‘kebhi, kissa, kasmā, kamhā, kamhī’’ti imāni padāni pahāya itthiliṅgaṭṭhāne ‘‘kāyo, kābhi, kāsānaṃ, kāyaṃ, kassa’’nti imāni ca padāni pahāya tato tato sesapadato yathāsambhavaṃ cisaddaṃ canasaddaṃ canaṃsaddañca nipātetvā evarūpāni rūpāni gahetabbāni. Seyyathidaṃ?

Koci, keci, kecana. Kiñci, kiñcanaṃ, keci, kecana. Kenaci, kehici. Kassaci, kesañci. Pañcamiyā ekavacanaṃ ūnaṃ pāḷiyaṃ anāgatattā. Kehici. Kassaci, kesañci. Kasmiñci, kismici, kesuci. Pulliṅganapuṃsakaliṅgavasena daṭṭhabbāni. Atra kismicīti anusāralopavasena vuttaṃ.

Itthiliṅgavasena pana kāci itthī, kāci itthiyo. Kāci, kāci. Kiñci, kāci. Kāyaci, kāhici. Kāyaci, kassāci, kāsañci. Kāyaci, kāhici. Kāyaci, kassāci, kāsañci. Kāyaci, kāsucīti rūpāni.

Ettha ‘‘iti bhāsanti kecana, na naṃ hiṃsāmi kiñcana’’ntiādayo payogā veditabbā. Iti liṅgattayavasena vuttāni koci kāci kiñcītiādīni appamattakānaṃ saṅgāhakavacanānīti veditabbāni.

Punetāniyeva yathārahaṃ yaṃsaddena yojetvā dassessāmi –

Yo koci, ye keci. Yaṃ kiñci, ye keci. Yena kenaci, yehi kehici. Yassa kassaci, yesaṃ kesañci. Yasmā kasmāci, yehi kehici. Yassa kassaci, yesaṃ kesañci. Yasmiṃ kasmiñci, yesu kesuci.

Ettha ‘‘yo koci maṃ aṭṭhi katvā suṇeyya. Ye kecime atthi rasā pathabyā, saccaṃ tesaṃ sādhutaraṃ rasāna’’ntiādayo payogā veditabbā. Pulliṅgarūpāni.

Yaṃ kiñci, yāni kānici. Yaṃ kiñci, yāni kānici. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Ettha ‘‘yaṃ kiñci ratanaṃ atthi, dhataraṭṭhanivesane. Yaṃ kiñci vittaṃ idha vā huraṃ vā. Yāni kānici rūpānī’’tiādayo payogā veditabbā. Napuṃsakaliṅgarūpāni.

Yā kāci itthī, yā kāci itthiyo. Yaṃ kiñci, yā kāci. Yāya kāyaci, yāhi kāhici. Yāya kāyaci, yāsaṃ kāsañci. Yāya kāyaci, yāhi kāhici. Yāya kāyaci, yāsaṃ kāsañci. Yāya kāyaci, yāsu kāsuci.

Ettha ‘‘yā kāci vedanā atītānāgatapaccuppannā’’tiādayo payogā veditabbā. Itthiliṅgarūpāni. Iti liṅgattayavasena vuttāni yo koci, yā kāci, yaṃ kiñcītiādīni anavasesapariyādānavacanānīti veditabbāni. Sabbāni cetāni na nipātapadāni, nipātapatirūpakā saddagatiyoti veditabbāni. Yadi nipātapadāni siyuṃ, tīsu liṅgesu sattasu vibhattīsu ekākārena tiṭṭheyyuṃ, na ca tiṭṭhanti, tasmā na nipātapadāni, nipātapatirūpakā saddagatiyoyeva.

Apica ya ta kiṃ etaiccetehi sabbanāmehi liṅgānurūpato ttakattikapaccaye katvā vatticchāyaṃ yāni padāni sijjhanti, tāni paricchedavacanāni asabbanāmikāniyeva bhavanti. Tesaṃ nāmikapadamālā purisa citta kaññānayena yojetabbā. Taṃ yathā?

Yattako jano, yattakaṃ cittaṃ, yattikā itthī. Tattako, tattakaṃ, tattikā. Kittako, kittakaṃ, kittikā. Ettako, ettakaṃ, ettikāti. Imāni padāni asabbanāmikānipi paccayavasena sambhūtatthantaresu viññūnaṃ kosallatthaṃ vuttāni.

Idāni saṅkhādivacanassa ekasaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

Ekasaddo hi saṅkhāvacano ca hoti asadisavacano ca asahāyavacano ca ekaccavacano ca missībhūtavacano ca. Yadā saṅkhā’sadisā’sahāyavacano, tadā ekavacanako bhavati.

Eko, ekaṃ, ekena, ekassa, ekasmā, ekamhā, ekassa, ekasmiṃ, ekamhīti. Evaṃ saṅkhādivacano ekasaddo ekavacanako. Tathā hi ‘‘eko dve tayo’’ti saṅkhāvisaye ekasaddo ekavacanakova. ‘‘Ekomhi sammāsambuddho. Eko rāja nipajjāmī’’ti asadisāsahāyakathanepi ekavacanakova. Ayaṃ ekavacanikā sabbanāmikapadamālā.

Yadā pana saṅkhatthā ca asahāyā ca bahū vattabbā siyuṃ, tadā ekasaddato kakārāgamaṃ katvā ekakā, ekake, ekakehi, ekakebhi. Purisanaye bahuvacanavasena nāmikapadamālā yojetabbā. Tathā hi saṅkhatthāpi bahū honti. ‘‘Cattāro ekakā siyu’’nti hi vuttaṃ. Asahāyāpi bahū honti. Tathā hi ‘‘ayampi gahapati ekova āgato, ayampi ekova āgato’’ti vattabbe ‘‘ime gahapatayo ekakā āgatā’’ti vattabbatā dissati. Ayaṃ nayo sabbanāmikapakkhaṃ na bhajati asādhāraṇarūpābhāvato, atthantaraviññāpanatthaṃ pana vutto.

Yadā ekaccavacano, tadā ‘‘eke, eke, ekehi, ekebhi ekesaṃ, ekehi, ekebhi, ekesaṃ, ekesū’’ti vattabbaṃ. Ayampi bahuvacanikā sabbanāmikapadamālā. Ettha eketi ekacce. Esa nayo sesesupi. Yadā pana missībhūtavacano, tadā ‘‘ekā, eke, ekehi, ekebhi, ekāna’’nti purisanaye bahuvacanavasena vattabbaṃ. ‘‘Pañcālo ca videho ca, ubho ekā bhavantu te’’ti pāḷi dissati. Ayaṃ nayo sabbanāmikapakkhaṃ na bhajati asādhāraṇarūpābhāvato, atthantaraviññāpanatthaṃ pana vutto. Tattha ekā bhavantūti ekībhavantu missībhavantu, gaṅgodakena yamunodakaṃ viya aññadatthu saṃsandantu samentūti vacanattho.

Ācariyā pana evaṃ vibhāgaṃ adassetvā ekasaddassa sabbanāmattameva gahetvā sabbasaddassa viya nāmikapadamālaṃ yojenti. Kathaṃ?

Eko, eke. Ekaṃ, eke. Ekena, ekehi, ekebhi. Ekassa, ekesaṃ, ekesānaṃ. Ekasmā, ekamhā, ekehi, ekebhi. Ekassa, ekesaṃ, ekesānaṃ. Ekasmiṃ, ekamhi, ekesūti. Ayaṃ sabbanāmikapadamālāti veditabbā.

Keci ‘‘ekasaddo saṅkhyātulyāsahāyaññavacano. Yadā saṅkhyāvacano, tadā sabbatthekavacanantova, aññattha bahuvacanantopi, eko ekā ekaṃ iccādi sabbattha sabbasaddasamaṃ. Saṃsāsveva viseso’’ti liṅgattaye yojanānayaṃ vadanti. Evaṃ vadantā ca te vibhāgaṃ adassetvā vadanti. Mayaṃ pana sotūnaṃ payogesu kosalluppādanatthaṃ vibhāgaṃ dassetvā vadāma.

Apicettha ayaṃ visesopi sallakkhitabbo ‘‘eke ekaṭṭhe same samabhāge’ti pāḷippadese paccattekavacanassa ekasaddassa ekārantaniddesopi dissatī’’ti. Pulliṅgarūpāni.

Ekaṃ, ekāni. Ekaṃ, ekāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Tattha ekānīti ekaccāni. Esa nayo sesabahuvacanesupi, napuṃsakaliṅgarūpāni.

Ekā, ekā, ekāyo. Ekaṃ, ekā, ekāyo. Ekāya, ekāhi, ekābhi. Ekāya, ekissā, ekāsaṃ. Ekāya, ekāhi, ekābhi. Ekāya, ekissā, ekāsaṃ. Ekāya, ekāyaṃ, ekissaṃ, ekāsu. Ettha bahuvacanaṭṭhāne ekāti ekaccā, ekāhīti ekaccāhi, ekāsanti ekaccānaṃ ekāsūti ekaccāsu. Itthiliṅgarūpāni. Sabbānetāni sabbanāmāni ekavacanabahuvacanavasena vuttāni.

Apica ekasadde vicchāvasena vattabbe liṅgattayarūpāni ekavacanāneva bhavanti. Kathaṃ?

Ekeko, ekekaṃ, ekekena, ekekassa, ekekasmā, ekekamhā, ekekassa, ekekasmiṃ, ekekamhīti pulliṅgarūpāni.

Ekekaṃ, ekekaṃ. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ, napuṃsakaliṅgarūpāni. Ekekā, ekekaṃ, ekekāya, ekekissā, ekekāya, ekekissā, ekekāyaṃ, ekekissaṃ. Itthiliṅgarūpāni.

Sabbānetāni vicchāsabbanāmānīti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Bahuvacanāni panettha na santi payogābhāvato. Iti imesu vicchāvasena vuttesu liṅgattayarūpesu samāsacintā na uppādetabbā anibbacanīyattā vicchāsaddānaṃ. Tathā hi ‘‘pabbaṃ pabbaṃ sandhi sandhi odhi odhi hutvā tattakapāle pakkhittatilā viya taṭataṭāyantā saṅkhārā bhijjantī’’tiādīsu pabbapabbasaddādīnaṃ samāsakaraṇavasena nibbacanaṃ pubbācariyehi na dassitaṃ. Yasmā ca vicchāyaṃ vattamānānaṃ dvirutti lokato eva siddhā, na lakkhaṇato, tasmā tattha samāsacintā na uppādetabbā.

Idāni ekacca ekatiya ekacciyasaddānaṃ nāmikapadamālāyo vuccante – pulliṅge tāva ekacco, ekacce. Ekaccaṃ, ekacce. Sesaṃ purisasaddasamaṃ. Ettha ekacceti paccattabahuvacanameva sabbanāmikarūpasamaṃ asādhāraṇarūpattā. ‘‘Idhekacco kulaputto. Idhekacce moghapurisā’’ti nidassanapadāni.

Ekatiyo, ekatiye. Ekatiyaṃ, ekatiye. Sesaṃ purisasaddasamaṃ. Idhāpi ekatiyeti paccattabahuvacanameva sabbanāmikarūpasamaṃ asādhāraṇarūpattā. Ekatiye manussā.

‘‘Na vissase ekatiyesu eva,

Agārisu pabbajitesu cāpi;

Sādhūpi hutvāna asādhu honti;

Asādhu hutvā puna sādhu hontī’’ti

Nidassanapadāni. Ekacciyasaddassa atthitāyaṃ pana –

‘‘Saccaṃ kirevamāhaṃsu, narā ekacciyā idha;

Kaṭṭhaṃ niplavitaṃ seyyo, na tvevekacciyo naro.

Ekacciyaṃ āhāra’’nti nidassanapadāni. Ekacciyo, ekacciyā. Ekacciyaṃ, ekacciyeti sabbathāpi purisanayo. Pulliṅgarūpāni.

Ekaccaṃ , ekaccāni. Ekaccaṃ, ekaccāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Ekatiyaṃ, ekatiyāni. Ekatiyaṃ, ekatiyāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Ekacciyaṃ, ekacciyāni. Ekacciyaṃ, ekacciyāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Napuṃsakaliṅgarūpāni.

‘‘Ekaccā, ekaccā, ekaccāyo’’ti kaññānayena, tathā ‘‘ekatiyā, ekatiyā, ekatiyāyo. Ekatiya’’nti ca, ‘‘ekacciyā, ekacciyā, ekacciyāyo. Ekacciya’’nti ca kaññānayena yojetabbaṃ. Itthiliṅgarūpāni.

Idāni ekākī ekākiyasaddavasena nāmikapadamālā vuccante –

Ekākī, ekākī, ekākino. Ekākiṃ, ekākī, ekākino. Daṇḍīnayena ñeyyā. Ekākiyo, ekākiyā. Ekākiyaṃ, ekākiye. Ekākiyena. Purisanayena ñeyyaṃ. Pulliṅgarūpāni.

Ekāki kulaṃ, ekākī, ekākīni. Ekākiṃ, ekākī, ekākīni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Ekākiyaṃ, ekākiyāni. Ekākiyaṃ, ekākiyāni. Sesaṃ pulliṅgasadisaṃ. Napuṃsakaliṅgarūpāni.

Ekākinī, ekākinī, ekākiniyo. Ekākiniṃ, ekākinī, ekākiniyo. Ekākiniyāti itthīsadisaṃ. Ekākiyā, ekākiyā, ekākiyāyo. Ekākiyaṃ, ekākiyā, ekākiyāyo. Ekākiyāyāti kaññāsadisaṃ. Itthiliṅgarūpāni. Sabbāni panetāni asabbanāmikarūpāni atthantaraviññāpanatthaṃ vuttānīti daṭṭhabbāni.

Idāni dvisaddapariyāyassa sadā bahuvacanantassa sabbanāmikapadassa ubhasaddassa nāmikapadamālā vuccate –

‘‘Ubho , ubho, ubhohi, ubhobhi, ubhinnaṃ, ubhohi, ubhobhi, ubhinnaṃ, ubhosū’’ti ayaṃ pāḷinayānurūpena vuttapadamālā. Atrime payogā – ubho kumārā nikkītā. Ubho itthiyo tiṭṭhanti, ubho cittāni tiṭṭhanti, ubho putte adāsi. Ubho kaññāyo passati. Ubho pādāni bhinditvā, saññamissāmi vo ahaṃ. Ubhohi hatthehi. Ubhohi bāhāhi, ubhohi cittehi, ubhinnaṃ janānaṃ, ubhinnaṃ itthīnaṃ, ubhinnaṃ cittānaṃ, ubhosu purisesu, ubhosu itthīsu, ubhosu passesūti, ayamasmākaṃ ruci. Ācariyā pana ‘‘ubhehi, ubhebhi, ubhesū’’tipi icchanti. Kaccāyanepi hi ‘‘ubhe tappurisā’’ti vuttaṃ. Sabbānipi etāni manasi kātabbāniyeva. Ubhasaddassa samāso appasiddho. Liṅgattayasādhāraṇarūpāni.

Idāni saṅkhāvacanānaṃ dviti catusaddānaṃ sadā bahuvacanantānaṃ sabbanāmānaṃ nāmikapadamālāyo vuccante –

Dve, dve, dvīhi, dvībhi, dvinnaṃ, duvinnaṃ, dvīhi, dvībhi, dvinnaṃ, duvinnaṃ, dvīsu. Cūḷaniruttiyaṃ pana ‘‘dvinnanna’’nti padamālā āgatā. Imāni ahaṃsaddādīni viya itthi liṅgādibhāvavinimuttānipi tīsu liṅgesu yujjante ‘‘dve purisā, dve itthiyo, dve cittāni’’iccevamādinā. Imānipi liṅgattayasādhāraṇāni rūpāni.

‘‘Dve’’ti rūpaṃ dvisaddassa, yaṃ samāsamhi taṃ bhave;

Dvitippakatikaṃyeva, nānādesehi sā siyā.

Dvibhāvo ceva dvebhāvo, dvirattañca duvassako;

Dohaḷinī dupattañca, taddhitatte dvayaṃ dvayaṃ.

Tayo , tayo, tīhi, tībhi, tiṇṇaṃ, tiṇṇannaṃ, tīhi, tībhi, tiṇṇaṃ, tiṇṇannaṃ, tīsu. Imāni pulliṅgarūpāni.

Tisso, tisso, tīhi, tībhi, tissannaṃ, tīhi, tībhi, tissannaṃ, tīsu. Imāni itthiliṅgarūpāni. Cūḷaniruttiyaṃ ‘‘tissannanna’’nti catutthīchaṭṭhīnaṃ bahuvacanamāgataṃ, niruttipiṭake pana ‘‘tiṇṇanna’’nti. Tāni sāṭṭhakathe tepiṭake buddhavacane punappunaṃ upaparikkhitvā dissanti ce, gahetabbāni.

Tīṇi, tīṇi, tīhi, tībhi, tiṇṇaṃ, tiṇṇannaṃ, tīhi, tībhi, tiṇṇaṃ, tiṇṇannaṃ, tīsu. Imāni napuṃsakaliṅgarūpāni. Katthaci pana pāḷippadese tīṇisaddassa ṇikāralopopi bhavati ‘‘dve vāti vā udakaphusitānī’’ti. ‘‘Tiṇṇannaṃ kho bhikkhave indriyānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā piṇḍolabhāradvājena bhikkhunā aññā byākatā’’ti idaṃ ‘‘tiṇṇanna’’nti padassa atthibhāve nidassanaṃ.

Yāni rūpāni vuttāni, ‘‘tisso tīṇi tayo’’iti;

Samāsavisaye tāni, titippakatikā siyuṃ.

Yasmā tissa samāsamhi, saddhiṃ parapadena ve;

‘‘Tivedanaṃ ticitta’’nti, ‘‘tiloka’’nti ca niddise.

Ettha napuṃsakattaṃva, pāsaṃsaṃ pāyavuttito;

Pumattampettha icchanti, ‘‘tibhavo khāyate’’iti.

Cattāro, caturo, cattāro, caturo, catūhi, catūbhi, catubbhi, catunnaṃ, catūhi, catūbhi, catubbhi, catunnaṃ, catūsu. Imāni pulliṅgarūpāni.

Catasso , catasso, catūhi, catūbhi, catubbhi, catassannaṃ, catunnaṃ, catūhi, catūbhi, catubbhi, catassannaṃ, catunnaṃ, catūsu. Imāni itthiliṅgarūpāni. Itthiliṅgaṭṭhāne ‘‘catunna’’nti padaṃ cūḷaniruttiyaṃ niruttipiṭake pāḷiyaṃ aṭṭhakathāsu ca dassanato vuttaṃ. Tathā hi cūḷaniruttiyaṃ itthiliṅgaṭṭhāne ‘‘catunna’’nti āgataṃ, niruttipiṭake ‘‘catunnaṃ kaññāna’’nti āgataṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ pana soṇadantasuttādīsu ‘‘samaṇo gotamo catunnaṃ parisānaṃ piyo manāpo’’ti āgataṃ. Aṭṭhakathāsu ca pana suttantaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘catūhi acchariyabbhutadhammehi samannāgato catunnaṃ parisānaṃ piyo manāpo’’ti āgataṃ. Sattilaṅghajātakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘ācariyo panassa catunnaṃ sattīnaṃ laṅghanaṃ sippaṃ jānātī’’ti āgataṃ.

Cattāri, cattāri, catūhi, catūbhi, catubbhi, catunnaṃ, catūhi, catūbhi, catubbhi, catunnaṃ, catūsu. Imāni napuṃsakaliṅgarūpāni.

‘‘Cattāro’’ti ‘‘catasso’’ti, ‘‘cattārī’’ti ca sadditaṃ;

Rūpaṃ samāsabhāvamhi, catuppakatikaṃ bhave.

Nidassanapadānettha, kamato kamakovido;

‘‘Catubbidhaṃ catussālaṃ, catusacca’’nti niddise.

Imāni dveādikāni sabbanāmikāni bahuvacanāniyeva bhavanti, na ekavacanāni. Cūḷaniruttiyaṃ pana tīsu liṅgesu ‘‘catassanna’’nti vuttaṃ, taṃ anijjhānakkhamaṃ viya dissati.

Idāni tumhaamhasaddānaṃ nāmikapadamālā vuccante, tesu yena katheti, tassālapane tumhavacanāni bhavanti.

Tvaṃ, tuvaṃ, tumhe. Taṃ, tuvaṃ, tvaṃ, tavaṃ, tumhe. Tayā, tvayā, tumhehi, tumhebhi. Tuyhaṃ, tava, tumhaṃ, tumhākaṃ. Tayā, tvayā, tumhehi, tumhebhi. Tuyhaṃ, tava, tumhaṃ, tumhākaṃ. Tayi, tvayi, tumhesu . Tatra ‘‘tvaṃ puriso, tvaṃ itthī, tvaṃ citta’’ntiādinā yojetabbāni.

Attayoge amhavacanāni bhavanti.

Ahaṃ, ahakaṃ, mayaṃ, amhe. Maṃ, mamaṃ, amhe. Mayā, amhehi, amhebhi. Mayhaṃ, mama, amhaṃ, amhākaṃ, asmākaṃ. Mayā, amhehi, amhebhi. Mayhaṃ, mama, amhaṃ, amhākaṃ, asmākaṃ. Mayi, amhesu, asmesu.

Ettha pana ‘‘kathaṃ amhe karomase’’ti pāḷidassanato ‘‘tumhe’’ti paccattavacanassa viya ‘‘amhe’’ti paccattavacanassapi atthitā veditabbā, ‘‘ahaka’’nti rūpantarampi icchitabbaṃ. Tassa atthibhāve ‘‘ahakañca cittavasānugā bhāsissa’’nti esā pāḷi nidassanaṃ. Ettha hi ahakanti ahaṃ iccevattho. Tatra ‘‘ahaṃ puriso, ahaṃ kaññā, ahaṃ citta’’ntiādinā yojetabbāni. Imānipi liṅgattayasādhāraṇarūpāni.

Kaccāyanacūḷaniruttiniruttipiṭakesu pana ‘‘tumhākaṃ amhāka’’nti ca dutiyābahuvacanaṃ vuttaṃ. Kaccāyane ‘‘tumhānaṃ amhāna’’nti ca paṭhamādutiyābahuvacanaṃ, ‘‘tumhaṃ amha’’nti ca catutthīchaṭṭhekavacanaṃ, paṭhamādutiyābahuvacanañca vuttaṃ, cūḷaniruttiniruttipiṭake pana ‘‘tumhaṃ amha’’nti ca dutiyekavacanaṃ vuttaṃ, ‘‘tumhe amhe’’ti ca catutthīchaṭṭhībahuvacanaṃ vuttaṃ. Etāni upaparikkhitvā sāṭṭhakathesu suttantesu dissanti ce, gahetabbāni.

Tumhaamhasaddānaṃ pana parapadehi saddhiṃ samāse ‘‘maṃdīpā’’tiādayo payogā tathāgatādimukhato sambhavanti. ‘‘Ete gāmaṇi maṃdīpā maṃleṇā maṃsaraṇā’’ti hi tathāgatamukhato, ‘‘tayyogo mayyogo’’ti niruttaññumukhato, kābyādāse ca ‘‘tvaṃmukhaṃ kamaleneva, tulyaṃ nāññena kenacī’’ti ca ‘‘candena tvaṃmukhaṃ tulya’’nti ca kavimukhato.

Tattha hi ahaṃ dīpo etesanti maṃdīpā, ahaṃ leṇaṃ etesanti maṃleṇā, evaṃ maṃsaraṇā. Tumhena yogo tayyogo, tumhasaddena yogo iccevattho. Amhena yogo mayyogo, amhasaddena yogo iccevattho. Tava mukhaṃ tvaṃmukhaṃ. Bahuvacanavasenapi nibbacanīyaṃ ‘‘tumhākaṃ mukhaṃ tvaṃmukha’’nti. Ettha ca pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘maṃdīpā’’iccādidassanato ‘‘tvaṃdīpā’’tiādīni kābyādāse ca ‘‘tvaṃmukha’’nti dassanato tvaṃvaṇṇo, tvaṃsaro, maṃmukhaṃ, maṃvaṇṇo, maṃsaroādīni gahetabbāni. Tattha tvaṃ dīpo etesanti tvaṃdīpā, tumhe vā dīpā etesanti tvaṃdīpā, tava vaṇṇo tvaṃvaṇṇo. Mama mukhaṃ maṃmukhaṃ, amhākaṃ vā mukhaṃ maṃmukhanti nibbacanāni. Esa nayo aññesupi īdisesu ṭhānesu.

Samāse tumhaamhākaṃ, honti parapadehi ve;

‘‘Tvaṃmukha’’nti ca ‘‘maṃdīpā, tayyogo mayyogo’’ti ca.

Etthāha ‘‘kiṃ ettakameva tumhaamhasaddānaṃ rūpaṃ, udāhu aññampi atthī’’ti? Atthi ‘‘te me’’ iccādīni. Yadi evaṃ kasmā padamālā visuṃ na vuttāti? Avacane kāraṇamatthi. Atridaṃ kāraṇaṃ –

‘‘Te me vo no’’ti rūpāni, parāni padato yato;

Tato nāmikapantīsu, na tu vuttāni tāni me.

Ettha ca mayaṃ me vo nosaddānamatthuddhāro vuccate – tesaddassa pana vuttova. Yasmā aṭṭhakathācariyā mayaṃsaddaṭṭhānepi mayāsaddo, mayāsaddaṭṭhānepi ca mayaṃsaddo icceva vadanti, tasmā mayampi tatheva vadāma. Mayaṃsaddo ‘‘anuññātapaṭiññātā, tevijjāmayamasmubho’’tiādīsu asmadatthe āgato . ‘‘Mayaṃ nissāya hemāya, jātā mandosisūpagā’’ti ettha paññattiyaṃ. ‘‘Manomayā pītibhakkhā sayaṃpabhā’’tiādīsu nibbattiatthe. Bāhirena paccayena vinā manasāva nibbattāti manomayā. ‘‘Yaṃnūnāhaṃ sabbamattikāmayaṃ kuṭikaṃ kareyya’’ntiādīsu vikāratthe. ‘‘Dānamayaṃ sīlamaya’’ntiādīsu padapūraṇamatte. ‘‘Pīṭhaṃ te sovaṇṇamayaṃ uḷāra’’nti ettha vikāratthe padapūraṇamatte vā daṭṭhabbo. Yadā hi suvaṇṇameva sovaṇṇanti ayamattho, tadā suvaṇṇassa vikāro sovaṇṇamayanti vikāratthe mayasaddo daṭṭhabbo. Nibbattiatthotipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Yadā pana suvaṇṇena nibbattaṃ sovaṇṇanti ayamattho, tadā sovaṇṇameva sovaṇṇamayanti padapūraṇamatte mayasaddo daṭṭhabbo.

Mesaddo ‘‘kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsitu’’ntiādīsu karaṇe āgato. Mayāti attho. ‘‘Tassa me bhante bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetū’’tiādīsu sampadāne, mayhanti atthoti vadanti. ‘‘Pubbeva me bhikkhave sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato’’tiādīsu sāmiatthe, mamāti atthoti ca vadanti. Etthetaṃ vuccati –

Karaṇe sampadāne ca, sāmiatthe ca āgato;

Mesaddo iti viññeyyo, viññunā nayadassinā.

Ettha pana ṭhatvā aṭṭhakathācariyehi kate te mesaddānamatthavivaraṇe vinicchayaṃ brūma tesamadhippāyappakāsanavasena sotūnaṃ saṃsayasamugghāṭanatthaṃ. Tathā hi aṭṭhakathācariyā temesaddānaṃ sampadānatthavasena ‘‘tuyhaṃ mayha’’nti atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇesuṃ, sāmiatthavasena pana ‘‘tava mamā’’ti. Evaṃ yvāyaṃ tehi asaṅkarato niyamo dassito, so sāṭṭhakathe tepiṭake buddhavacane kuto labbhā. Tathā hi temesaddatthavācakā tuyhaṃ mayhaṃsaddā tava mamasaddā ca sampadānasāmiatthesu aniyamato pavattanti.

Tatrime payogā – idaṃ tuyhaṃ dadāmi. Tuyhaṃ vikappemi. Tuyhaṃ maṃsena medena, matthakena ca brāhmaṇa, āhutiṃ paggahessāmi. Esa hi tuyhaṃ pitā narasīho. Tuyhaṃ pana mātā kahanti. Mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, na aññesaṃ, mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, na aññesaṃ. Na mayhaṃ bhariyā esā. Assamo sukato mayhaṃ. Sabbaññutaṃ piyaṃ mayhaṃ. Tāta mayhaṃ mātu mukhaṃ aññādisaṃ, tumhākaṃ aññādisaṃ. Mayhaṃ sāmiko idāni marissati. Tava dīyate, tava silāghate, mama silāghate, pabbajjā mama ruccati. Tava putto. Ubho mātāpitā mamāti evaṃ aniyamato pavattanti.

Cūḷaniruttiyañhi yamakamahātherena catutthīchaṭṭhīnaṃ anaññarūpattaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘catutthīchaṭṭhīnaṃ sabbattha anaññaṃ, tatiyāpañcamīnaṃ bahuvacanañcā’’ti . Yadi evaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyā ‘‘namo te purisājañña. Namo te buddha vīratthū’tiādīsu tuyhaṃsaddassa vasena sampadāne, tuyhanti hi attho. ‘Kinte vataṃ kiṃ pana brahmacariya’ntiādīsu sāmiatthe, tavāti hi attho’’tiādīni vadantā ‘‘ayuttaṃ saṃvaṇṇanaṃ saṃvaṇṇesu’’ntipi, ‘‘passitabbaṃ na passiṃsū’’tipi āpajjantīti? Yuttaṃyeva te saṃvaṇṇayiṃsu, passitabbañca passiṃsu. Tathā hi te ‘‘saddasatthampi ekadesato sāsanānukūlaṃ hotī’’ti paresamanukampāya saddasatthato nayaṃ gahetvā sampadānatthavasena te mesaddānaṃ ‘‘tuyhaṃ mayha’’nti atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇayiṃsu, sāmiatthavasena pana ‘‘tava mamā’’ti. Saddasatthe hi catutthīchaṭṭhīrūpāni sabbathā visadisāni, sāsane pana sadisāni. Tasmā sāsane sāmaññena pavattāni catutthīchaṭṭhīrūpāni saddasatthe visesena pavattehi catutthīchaṭṭhīrūpehi samānagatikāni katvā paresamanukampāya sampadānatthe tuyhaṃ mayhaṃsaddānaṃ pavattiniyamo, sāmiatthe ca tava mamasaddānaṃ pavattiniyamo dassito. Yasmā pana paresamanukampāya ayaṃ niyamo, tasmā karuṇāyevāyaṃparādho, na aṭṭhakathācariyānaṃ. Tāya eva hi tehi evaṃ saṃvaṇṇanā katāti.

Keci panettha evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – nanu ca bho aṭṭhakathācariyehi saddanayaṃ nissāya te mesaddānaṃ sāmiatthe vattamānānaṃ ‘‘tava mamā’’ti atthavacanena ‘‘tuyhaṃ maṃsena medena, na mayhaṃ bhariyā esā’’tiādīsu sāmivisayesu vibhattivipallāsanayo dassitoti sakkā vattuṃ, tathā saddanayaññeva nissāya te mesaddānaṃ sampadānatthe vattamānānaṃ ‘‘tuyhaṃ mayha’’nti atthavacanena ‘‘bhattaṃ tava na ruccati. Pabbajjā mama ruccatī’’tiādīsupi sampadānavisayesu vibhattivipallāsanayo dassitoti sakkā vattunti? Na sakkā, gāthāsu viya cuṇṇiyapadaṭṭhānepi tuyhaṃ mayhaṃ tava mamasaddānaṃ aniyamena dvīsu atthesu pavattanato. Na hi īdise ṭhāne gāthāyaṃ vā cuṇṇiyapadaṭṭhāne vā vibhattivipallāso icchitabbo. ‘‘Tassa rajjassahaṃ bhīto. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ tassa sukhassa bhāyāmī’’tiādīsuyeva pana ṭhānesu icchitabbo.

Yadi saddanayaṃ nissāya ‘‘tuyhaṃ maṃsena medenā’’tiādīsu vibhattivipallāso icchitabbo siyā, ‘‘brāhmaṇassa piyaputtadānaṃ adāsi. Brāhmaṇassa pitā adāsī’’tiādīsupi saddanayaṃ nissāya ‘‘brāhmaṇāyā’’tiādinā vibhattivipallāsattho vacanīyo siyā catutthīchaṭṭhīrūpānaṃ satthe visuṃ vacanato. Evañca sati ko dosoti ce? Attheva doso, yasmā dānayoge vā namoyoge vā āyādesasahitāni catutthīchaṭṭhīrūpāni sāṭṭhakathe tepiṭake buddhavacane nupalabbhanti, tasmā ‘‘brāhmaṇāyā’’tiādinā vibhattivipallāsatthavacane ayaṃ doso yadidaṃ avijjamānaggahaṇaṃ. Yasmā pana īdisesu ṭhānesu vibhattivipallāsakaraṇaṃ sāvajjaṃ, tasmā ‘‘tuyhaṃ maṃsena medenā’’tiādīsupi vibhattivipallāso na icchitabbo.

Catutthīchaṭṭhīrūpāni hi anaññāni dissanti ‘‘purisassa adāsi, purisassa dhanaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ adāsi, brāhmaṇānaṃ santaka’’nti. Tathā hi pāvacane sa naṃsaddā sampadānasāmiatthesu sāmaññena pavattanti, tappavatti ‘‘aggassa dātā medhāvī’’tiādīhi payogehi dīpetabbā. ‘‘Aggassa dātā medhāvī’’ti ettha hi ‘‘aggassā’’ti ayaṃ saddo yadā kriyāpaṭiggahaṇaṃ paṭicca sampadānatthe pavattati, tadā ‘‘aggassa ratanattayassa dātā’’ti atthavasena pavattati. Yadā pana kriyaṃ paṭicca kammabhūte sāmiatthe pavattati, tadā ‘‘aggassa deyyadhammassa dātā’’ti atthavasena pavattati. Evaṃ sabbathāpi vipallāso tumhākaṃ saraṇaṃ na hotīti. Tathā saddanayaṃ nissāya ‘‘sampadānavacana’’nti tumhehi daḷhaṃ gahitassa mayhaṃsaddassa sāmiatthavasena paṇṇattiyaṃ dassanato vibhattivipallāso tumhākaṃ saraṇaṃ na hoteva. Tathā hi –

‘‘Sakuṇo mayhako nāma, girisānudarīcaro;

Pakkaṃ pipphalimāruyha, ‘mayhaṃ mayha’nti kandatī’’ti

Ettha mayhakoti ekāya sakuṇajātiyā nāmaṃ. So hi loluppacāritāya ‘‘idampi mayhaṃ, idampi mayha’’nti kāyati ravatīti mayhakoti vuccati mayhasaddūpapadassa ke re ge saddeti dhātussa vasena.

Atrāyaṃ padasodhanā – yadi tuyhaṃ mayhaṃsaddā dhuvaṃ sampadānatthe, tava mamasaddā ca sāmiatthe bhaveyyuṃ, evaṃ sante lokavohārakusalena sabbaññunā tassa sakuṇassa ‘‘mayhako’’ti paṇṇatti na vattabbā siyā anantogadhasampadānatthattā, antogadhasāmyatthattā pana ‘‘mamako’’ icceva paññatti vattabbā siyā. Etthapi ‘‘mayhako’’ti idaṃ vibhattivipallāsavasena vuttanti ce? Na, paṇṇattivisaye vibhattivipariṇāmassa aṭṭhānattā anavakāsattā.

Apicettha mayhaṃsaddo sarūpato vibhatyantabhāvena tiṭṭhati kasaddena ekapadattūpagamanato, evaṃ santepi ‘‘mayhako’’ti ayaṃ sakuṇavisesavācako saddo paccattavacanabhāve ṭhitoyeva īsakaṃ sāmiatthampi jotayati sujampati rājapurisasaddā viya. Imināpi kāraṇena vibhattivipallāso tumhākaṃ saraṇaṃ na hoti. Iti ‘‘mayhako’’ti paṇṇattiyaṃ vattamānassa padāvayavabhūtassa mayhasaddassa avipallāsavacanalesena tuyhaṃ tava mamasaddesupi vibhattivipallāso na icchitabboti siddhaṃ. Tasmā aṭṭhakathācariyehi sampadānasāmiatthesu sāmaññena pavattānampi samānānaṃ tuyhaṃ mayhaṃ tava mamasaddānaṃ saddanayaññeva nissāya paresamanukampāya vuttappakāro niyamo dassitoti avagantabbaṃ. Iccevaṃ –

‘‘Tuyhaṃ mayha’’ntime sadde, sampadāne garū vaduṃ;

‘‘Tava mamā’’ti sāmimhi, nayamādāya satthato.

Evaṃ santepi etesaṃ, niyamo natthi pāḷiyaṃ;

Koci tesaṃ viseso ca, diṭṭho amhehi taṃ suṇa.

Sāmyatthasampadānatthā, sambhavanti yahiṃ duve;

‘‘Tuyhaṃ mayha’’ntime saddā, te payogā na dullabhā.

‘‘Tava mamā’’time saddā, pāyā sāmimhi vattare;

Sampadāne yahiṃ honti, te payogā panappakā.

Tavato mamato tuyhaṃ-mayhaṃsaddāva sāsane;

Pāṭhe nekasahassamhi, sāmiatthe pavattareti.

Sabbāpi imā nītiyo paramasukhumā sududdasā vīrajātinā sādhukaṃ manasi kātabbā.

Vo nosaddesu pana vosaddo paccattaupayogakaraṇasampadānasāmivacanapadapūraṇesu dissati. ‘‘Kacci vo anuruddhā samaggā sammodamānā’’tiādīsu hi paccatte dissati. ‘‘Gacchatha bhikkhave paṇāmemi vo’’tiādīsu upayoge. ‘‘Na vo mama santike vatthabba’’ntiādīsu karaṇe. ‘‘Vanapatthapariyāyaṃ vo bhikkhave desessāmī’’tiādīsu sampadāne. ‘‘Sabbesaṃ vo sāriputtā subhāsita’’ntiādīsu sāmivacane. ‘‘Ye hi voariyā parisuddhā kāyakammantā’’tiādīsu padapūraṇamatte. Etthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Paccatte upayoge ca, karaṇe sampadāniye;

Sāmissa vacane ceva, tatheva padapūraṇe;

Imesu chasu ṭhānesu, vosaddo sampavattati’’.

Nosaddo paccattopayogakaraṇasampadānasāmivacanāvadhāraṇanusaddatthesu paṭisedhe nipātamatte ca vattati. Ayañhi ‘‘gāmaṃ no gaccheyyāmā’’ti ettha paccatte dissati. ‘‘Mā no ajja vikantiṃsu, rañño sūdā mahānase’’tiādīsu upayoge. ‘‘Na no vivāho nāgehi, katapubbo kudācana’’ntiādīsu karaṇe. ‘‘Saṃvibhajetha no rajjenā’’tiādīsu sampadāne. ‘‘Satthā no bhagavā anuppatto’’tiādīsu sāmivacane. ‘‘Na no samaṃ atthi tathāgatenā’’ti ettha avadhāraṇe. ‘‘Abhijānāsi no tvaṃ mahārājā’’tiādīsu nusaddatthe, pucchāyantipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. ‘‘Subhāsitaññeva bhāseyya, no ca dubbhāsitaṃ bhaṇe’’tiādīsu paṭisedhe. ‘‘Na no sabhāyaṃ na karonti kiñcī’’tiādīsu nipātamatte. Etthetaṃ vuccati –

Paccatte cupayoge ca, karaṇe sampadāniye;

Sāmyāvadhāraṇe ceva, nusaddatthe nivāraṇe;

Tathā nipātamattamhi, nosaddo sampavattati.

Idāni sabbanāmānaṃ yathārahaṃ saṃkhittena missakapadamālā vuccate –

Yo so, ye te. Yaṃ taṃ, ye te. Yena tena. Sesaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Yā sā, yā tā. Yaṃ taṃ, yā tā. Yāya tāya. Sesaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Yaṃ taṃ, yāni tāni. Sesaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Iminā nayena liṅgattayayojanā kātabbā.

‘‘Eso so, ete te. Ayaṃ so, ime te. So ayaṃ te ime’’tiādinā yathāpayogaṃ padamālā yojetabbā. Tathā hi ‘‘yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako. Ete te bhikkhave ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā. Ayaṃ so sārathi etī’’ti evamādayo vicittappayogā dissanti. Iti sabbanāmikapadānaṃ missakapadamālā yojetabbā.

Mayā sabbatthasiddhassa, sāsane sabbadassino;

Sabbattha sāsane suṭṭhu, kosallatthāya sotunaṃ.

Asabbanāmanāmehi, sabbanāmapadehi ve;

Saha sabbāni vuttāni, sabbanāmāni pantito.

Etesu katayogānaṃ, sukhumatthavijānanaṃ;

Akicchapaṭivedhena, bhavissati na saṃsayo.

Iti navaṅge sāṭṭhakathe piṭakattaye byappathagatīsu viññūnaṃ

Kosallatthāya kate saddanītippakaraṇe

Sabbanāmataṃsadisanāmānaṃ nāmikapadamālāvibhāgo nāma

Dvādasamo paricchedo.

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